【小站原创】官方真题Official8托福阅读Passage3原文文本+真题+答案解析

官方真题Official8托福阅读Passage3题目

Question 1 of 13

The word “merge ” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. expand

B. separate

C. straighten out

D. combine

Question 2 of 13

What does the discussion in paragraph 1 of runoff channels in the southern highlands suggest about Mars?

A. The atmosphere of Mars was once thinner than it is today.

B. Large amounts of rain once fell on parts of Mars.

C. The river systems of Mars were once more extensive than Earth’s.

D. The rivers of Mars began to dry up about 4 billion years ago.

Question 3 of 13

The word “relics ” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. remains

B. sites

C. requirements

D. sources

Question 4 of 13

The word “miniature ” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. temporary

B. small

C. multiple

D. familiar

Question 5 of 13

In paragraph 2, why does the author include the information that 105 tons of water flow through the Amazon river per second?

A. To emphasize the great size of the volume of water that seems to have flowed through Mars’ outflow channels

B. To indicate data used by scientists to estimate how long ago Mars’ outflow channels were formed

C. To argue that flash floods on Mars may have been powerful enough to cause tear-shaped “islands” to form

D. To argue that the force of flood waters on Mars was powerful enough to shape the northern volcanic plains

Question 6 of 13

According to paragraph 2, all of the following are true of the outflow channels on Mars EXCEPT:

A. They formed at around the same time that volcanic activity was occurring on the northern plains.

B. They are found only on certain parts of the Martian surface.

C. They sometimes empty onto what appear to have once been the wet sands of tidal beaches.

D. They are thought to have carried water northward from the equatorial regions.

Question 7 of 13

All of the following questions about geological features on Mars are answered in paragraph 3 EXCEPT:

A. What are some regions of Mars that may have once been covered with an ocean?

B. Where do mission scientists believe that the river forming the delta emptied?

C. Approximately how many craters on Mars do mission scientists believe may once have been lakes filled with water?

D. During what period of Mars’ history do some scientists think it may have had large bodies of water?

Question 8 of 13

According to paragraph 3, images of Mars’ surface have been interpreted as support for the idea that

A. the polar regions of Mars were once more extensive than they are now

B. a large part of the northern lowlands may once have been under water

C. deltas were once a common feature of the Martian landscape

D. the shape of the Hellas Basin has changed considerably over time

Question 9 of 13

Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

A. But detractors argue that geological activity may be responsible for the water associated with the terraces.

B. But detractors argue that the terraces may have been formed by geological activity rather than by the presence of water.

C. But detractors argue that the terraces may be related to geological forces in the Northern Hemisphere of Mars, rather than to Martian water in the south.

D. But detractors argue that geological forces depressed the Northern Hemisphere so far below the level of the south that the terraces could not have been formed by water.

Question 10 of 13

According to paragraph 4, what do the 2003 Global Surveyor data suggest about Mars?

A. Ancient oceans on Mars contained only small amounts of carbon.

B. The climate of Mars may not have been suitable for the formation of large bodies of water.

C. Liquid water may have existed on some parts of Mars’ surface for long periods of time.

D. The ancient oceans that formed on Mars dried up during periods of cold, dry weather.

Question 11 of 13

The word “hints ” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. clues

B. features

C. arguments

D. effects

Question 12 of 13

Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit?

These landscape features differ from runoff channels in a number of ways..

Question 13 of 13

Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. There is much debate concerning whether Mars once had water.

A.Mars’ runoff and outflow channels are large-scale, distinctive features that suggest that large quantities of liquid water once flowed on Mars.

B.Although some researchers claim that Mars may once have had oceans, others dispute this, pointing to an absence of evidence or offering alternative interpretations of evidence.

C.Various types of images have been used to demonstrate that most of Martian surface contains evidence of flowing water.

D.The runoff and outflow channels of Mars apparently carried a higher volume of water and formed more extensive networks than do Earth’s river systems.

E.There is very little evidence of liquid water on Mars today, and it is assumed that all the water that once existed on the planet is frozen beneath its surface.

F.While numerous gullies have been discovered on Mars since 2000, many astronomers dismiss them as evidence that Mars once had liquid water.

查看官方真题Official8托福阅读Passage3答案解析请进入下一页→→→