【官方真题Official托福阅读】官方真题Official3托福阅读词汇真题练习——arduous&difficult

在托福阅读备考过程中，词汇题是阅读题中必考的一个部分，而想要成功答对所有词汇题，并非仅从词汇量一个方面入手就可以。那么，在以下方面，我们就为大家带来一些官方真题Official中的经典词汇题，大家不妨来练习一下吧。

Paragraph 6: Much of the world’s great architecture has been constructed of stone because of its beauty, permanence, and availability. In the past, whole cities grew from the arduous task of cutting and piling stone upon. Some of the world’s finest stone architecture can be seen in the ruins of the ancient Inca city of Machu Picchu high in the eastern Andes Mountains of Peru. The doorways and windows are made possible by placing over the open spaces thick stone beams that support the weight from above. A structural invention had to be made before the physical limitations of stone could be overcome and new architectural forms could be created. That invention was the arch, a curved structure originally made of separate stone or brick segments. The arch was used by the early cultures of the Mediterranean area chiefly for underground drains, but it was the Romans who first developed and used the arch extensively in above ground structures. Roman builders perfected the semicircular arch made of separate blocks of stone. As a method of spanning space, the arch can support greater weight than a horizontal beam. It works in compression to divert the weight above it out to the sides, where the weight is borne by the vertical elements on either side of the arch. The arch is among the many important structural breakthroughs that have characterized architecture throughout the centuries. 【官方真题Official3- Architecture】

10. The word “arduous” in the passage is closest in meaning to

○difficult

○necessary

○skilled

○shared

答案：(1)