【小站原创】官方真题Official38托福综合写作真题文本及答案解析

在托福写作备考的过程时候，大家往往会把更多的精力放在托福独立写作的准备中。但是，想要冲刺的托福写作的高分，综合写作也是我们必须要冲过的一个难关。那么，在以下内容中，就为大家带来官方真题Official38托福综合写作题目文本及答案解析，希望能为大家的备考带来帮助。

Writing Task 1

Now listen to the directions for Writing Task 1.

For Writing Task 1, you will have three minutes to read a short academic passage. You may take notes. The passage will be removed and you will listen to a lecture about the same topic. Again, you may take notes.

Begin reading now.

The world’s forests are facing increasing pressure which, if left unchecked, will threaten the health of many industries, economies, nations, and lives. The development of an international fund to help developing countries implement useful conservation techniques in forest protection is the best way to protect the world’s forests and hopefully reverse negative trends that imperil our forests.

Using the internationally established forest protection fund to protect forest agriculture is perhaps the most important initiative. Dispersing these funds to governments, land owners, and farmers will allow them to resist intrusions by the logging industry, oil companies, and property developers who are after their land. This is a very specific initiative that will help agricultural areas from being developed into environmentally damaging industries and ensure that agricultural farm use is uninterrupted.

A second use of this protection fund could be used to develop the economies of villages and tribal communities located in forest areas. By parceling out funds to provide villagers and tribal residents of forests with a stipend will help these people continue their way of life and resist pressure to convert their forest land to the above mentioned industries. Providing living stipends and other financial aid to forest residents will help people afford education, health services, and nutritional aid so that they are less tempted to resort to destructive or exploitative forest practices to make a living.

Much of the global concern with deforestation focuses on the alarming loss of biodiversity. Humans use thousands of species of plants and animals on a daily basis for food, shelter, clothing and medicinal needs. Deforestation threatens species that humans rely on for these essential services. Using the international fund to help governments and people establish protected forest areas is the best way to maintain valuable forest biodiversity and protect species from exploitation, endangerment and extinction.

Narrator: Now listen to part of a lecture on the same topic.

Directions：

You will have 20 minutes to write a response about the relationship between the lecture and the reading. Try to answer the question as completely as possible using information from the reading passage and the lecture. Do not give your personal opinion. You will be able to see the reading passage again. You may use your notes.

An effective response will be 150 to 225 words. You will be rated on the quality of your writing and on the completeness and accuracy of the content. If you finish your response before time is up you may go on to Writing Task 2.

Question: Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they cast doubt on the specific theories discussed in the reading passage.

Narrator: You have 20 minutes to write Task 1.

音频原文：

The world’s forests are indeed under tremendous pressure from industries and practices that deforest these important ecosystems. However, the suggestion put forth in the reading passage, that the creation of an international protection fund will help protect these areas, is flawed for several reasons. Firstly, agriculture is itself a destructive force upon the forest ecosystem. With the rising populations, farmers are under constant pressure to increase harvest yields by using modern agricultural technology and practices. These include harmful practices such as fertilizer and pesticide use which have been proven to be detrimental to the surrounding environments because they create runoff waste and water pollution. This in turn leads to deforestation at a rate much worse than that of logging. Continued promotion of agriculture as a solution to deforestation is not a good idea. Secondly, paying villagers and tribal communities a stipend is an inadequate solution to the deforestation problem. Disbursement of money from the international protection fund would mean that money would go to forest owners. More often than not these owners are in fact governments, not residents. Therefore, a payout of this sort would not end up in the hands of these forest dwellers. Additionally, there is no guarantee that if governments received money that it would be appropriately used to protect the forest. Finally, if money is spent promoting biodiversity by encouraging the planting of new forest, there is no doubt that people will plant trees which have commercial purposes. If people merely plant plantation forests, this will do nothing in the way of promoting the goal of forest biodiversity. As you can see, the development of an international monetary fund to protect developing countries’ forests is rather inadequate.

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