2016年12月17日托福考试大范围重点预测【综合写作】

1. 硫化物污染大气，降低能见度； 2. 导致酸雨的产生，进而damage crops； 3. 对人类健康有不好的影响，e.g.: breathing problem

教授觉得passage的叙述太过exaggerated。 1. 硫化物prevents sunlight from heating the earth, cool the earth,舒缓全球暖化； 2. 二氧化硫不是主要造成酸雨的因素，是NO3(氮化物)； 3. 硫化物不是唯一危及人类健康的因素，仍有其它因素，硫化物只加重病情的恶化。

The lecture contradicts the view mentioned in the reading with strong supporting evidences presented, aiming to further demonstrate the positive effect of sulphur dioxide. Firstly, from the perspective of its harm to the atmosphere, the professor states his doubt, because according to the lecture, although sulphur dioxide is considered pollutant in the air,

斑马身上条纹的作用 1. 一是在被追捕过程中有一种optical illusion 会让捕食他们的动物对于他们的距离远近产生错觉从而在不正确的时候进行leap从而无法抓到他们 2. 其次是让敌人无法分清个体和一群 3. 还有便于自己藏匿在草丛中；

讲座给予了批驳： 1. 其实在捕杀斑马的动物中 他们从不存在leap的阶段所以也就不存在optical illusion的作用； 2. 敌人对条纹还是纯色无区别，个体还是一群也没区别； 3. 第三就是斑马一般不会藏起来，而是暴露在开放的草原上。 题目让你说说lecturer的观点以及怎样反驳reading 的

The lecture refutes the view mentioned in the reading with strong supporting evidences presented, aiming to further demonstrate the function of the stripes on zebra. Firstly, from the perspective of optical illusion, the professor states his doubt, because according to the lecture, predators of zebra never leap to catch i

一些公司对员工使用internet限制。 其一，对e-mail进行filter，这样就可不distribute公司里面的secret. 其二，streaming media，限制访问一些娱乐网站.但是会花费比较大 其三，干脆完全停掉access to internet, 禁止personal usage of internet,说这样可以提高生产力。

一点用都没有。 其一，filter has nothing to do with 那些想用e-mail泄密的人，因为要是有员工真的想泄密的话，他们会倾向于用一些innocent的词汇，filter根本筛不出来的。 其二，根本不应该花费那么多钱堵死所有的media。事实表明，这种streaming media10%的有用，90%的都没用。professor说应该只对一些大家常见的media sites such pop music and videos截流就行了。 其三，实际上允许personal usage of internet的公司更加有productivity。因为员工被认为是trustful，他们就会有better moral，才会愿意去work harder and longer，这样的话公司才能increase productivity.

The lecture opposes the view mentioned in the reading with strong supporting evidences presented, aiming to further illustrate that the limit access to internet use is not as effective as stated. Firstly, from the perspective of email filter, the professor states his doubt, because according to the lecture, the filter is not effective to those who maliciously expose secrets of the company, in

总论点：在象牙海岸发现的拥有4300年历史的石器是黑猩猩用以敲碎某总坚果的分论点1：黑猩猩到现在还在使用这种石器分论点2：黑猩猩到现在还在食用这种坚果但人类并没有分论点3：4300年前没有人类定居在象牙海滩

总论点：在象牙海岸发现的拥有4300年历史的石器是人类用以敲碎某总坚果的分论点1：被发现的石器重量非常适合成年人类使用分论点2：现代人类不食用这种坚果并不代表以前人类不食用分论点3：4300年前没有人类定居并不代表他们不会偶尔跑到象牙海滩上捕猎伐木

The lecture and the reading passage give contradictory opinions on the user of stone tools, which have a history of 4,300 years and was found on the Ivory Coast. The passage explains that it was chimpanzees that used these kind of tools to crack nuts while the lecture provides several counterarguments to this view.First, the reading passage states that up to now chimpanzees are still using the stone tool to get food. However, the speaker states that the curre

总论点：腓尼基人在哥伦布之前就已经发现并居住在美洲的三大理由分论点1：埃及木乃伊中有尼古丁，产出尼古丁的树只有美洲有分论点2：腓尼基人的货币上有美洲地图分论点3：腓尼基人将埃及金字塔传入美洲，美洲金字塔和埃及金字塔非常相像

总论点：三大理由并不具有说服力分论点1：尼古丁还可以来源于许多其他植物分论点2：腓尼基人的货币太小，不能确认图案是美洲地图分论点3：美洲金字塔和埃及金字塔在外形和作用上都不同

In the reading passage, the writer claims that Phoenicians discovered America and settled there before Columbus did. The speaker, however, contradicts this view for the following three reasons. First of all, the reading materials points out that Egyptian mummies were found abundant in nicotine which only the American trees could produce. But the speaker reputes that many other Egyptian plants could produce such su