【阅读题型】托福阅读指代题实例分析（四）

托福阅读中的指代题是出镜率相当高的题型之一，此外，在非托福的各种考试中，学生也常常会遇到类似的指代题，所以掌握指代题的题型分类和解题技巧对考学来说都是非常重要技能。

例一：Like the dinosaurs, some the pterosaurs became gigantic; the largest fossil　discovered is of an individual that had a wingspan of 50 feet or more, larger than many　airplanes. These flying reptiles had large, tooth-filled jaws, but their bodies were small and　probably without the necessary powerful muscles for sustained wing movement. They　must have been expert gliders, not skillful fliers, relying on wind power for their　locomotion.

The word "They" in line 10 refers to

A.powerful muscles

B.bodies

C.jaws

D.flying reptiles

例二：With the advent of projection, the viewer's relationship with the image was no longer　private, as it had been with earlier peepshow devices such as the Kinetoscope and the　Mutoscope, which was a similar machine that reproduced motion by means of successive　images on individual photographic cards instead of on strips of celluloid. It suddenly　became public—an experience that the viewer shared with dozens, scores, and even　hundreds of others.

The word “It” in the passage refers to

A.The advent of projection

B.The viewer's relationship with the image

C.A similar machine

D.Celluloid

例三：By holding in rather than venting "steam," we set the stage for future explosions.　Pent-up aggressive impulses demand outlets. They may be expressed toward parents inindirect ways such as destroying furniture, or they may be expressed toward strangers　later in life.

The word “they” in the passage refers to

A.future explosions

B.pent-up aggressive impulses

C.outlets

D.indirect ways

例四：Beneath the crust lies the mantle, a very different layer that extends approximately　halfway to the Earth's center. There the rock is the subject of a battle between increasing　heat and growing pressure.

3. The word "There" in line 12 refers to the

A.mantle

B.crust

C.seabed

D.Earth's center.