【实例解析】托福阅读句子简化题——Opportunists and Competitors

句子简化题又叫做释义题，即recognizing paraphrases，是新托福阅读当中比较浪费考生时间的一种题型。该题要求用另一种表达方式表达与原句相同的意思。只要是句子简化题，其所有的题目指令都是一样的，因此考试可以忽略阅读此指令，直接去看原文句子。那么，应对这样类型的题目我们又该使用怎样的呢?我们为大家带来了一系列的实例解析，希望能为大家的备考带来帮助。

托福阅读句子简化题：Opportunists and Competitors

Dandelions are good examples of opportunists. Their seed heads raised just high enough above the ground to catch　the wind, the plants are no bigger than they need be, their stems are hollow, and all the rigidity comes from their water　content. Thus, a minimum investment has been made in the body that becomes a platform for seed dispersal. These　very short-lived plants reproduce prolifically; that is to say they provide a constant rain of seed in the neighborhood of　　parent plants. A new plant will spring up wherever a seed falls on a suitable soil surface, but because they do not build　big bodies, they cannot compete with other plants for space, water, or sunlight. These plants are termed opportunists　because they rely on their seeds’ falling into settings where competing plants have been removed by natural processes,such as along an eroding riverbank, on landslips, or where a tree falls and creates a gap in the forest canopy.　(Opportunists and Competitors)

Q:Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

A:○Because their seeds grow in places where competing plants are no longer present, dandelions are classified as　opportunists.

○Dandelions are called opportunists because they contribute to the natural processes of erosion and the creation of gaps in the forest canopy.

○The term opportunists apply to plants whose seeds fall in places where they can compete with the seeds of other plants.

○The term opportunists apply to plants whose falling seeds are removed by natural processes.

托福阅读句子简化题答案：1