托福听力课外资料练习：科学美国人60秒梵高《向日葵》相关内容分享

在托福听力考试的备考过程中，科学美国人60秒相信大家一定用得比较多，那么大家平时是如何利用这个课外资料的呢?这里小编整理了科学美国人60秒梵高《向日葵》的内容分享，大家一起来学习一下吧。

科学美国人60秒听力练习：梵高《向日葵》

科学美国人60秒英文文本

Imagine van Gogh’s paintings of yellow sunflowers. Now imagine the flowers brown. Eh, not so good. Sadly, we may someday see what that would look like. Because the bright yellow paints on the canvas are slowly turning muddy. Now, an international team of scientists has pinpointed the chemical reaction that drives this degradation—the first step toward stopping it. Their findings appear in the journal Analytical Chemistry. [Letizia Monico et al., "Degradation Process of Lead Chromate in Paintings by Vincent van Gogh Studied by Means of Synchrotron X-Ray Spectromicroscopy and Related Methods. 1. Artificially Aged Model Samples and 2. Original Paint Layer Samples"]

Van Gogh’s use of strong bright colors to convey mood and emotion marks a major milestone in art history. And his Sunflower series wouldn’t be the same without the vibrant “chrome yellow” pigment that was new at the time. But this color darkens when exposed to the sun.

To find out why, researchers used sophisticated x-ray analyses to determine the exact chemical composition of the paint as it browns. First, they exposed three tubes of chrome yellow to UV radiation until one turned a chocolate color. Analyzing that sample, they identified specific changes in the paint’s chromium compounds. They then found the same chemical signature in the darkened areas of two van Gogh paintings. Until a chemical antidote is found, the researchers have some ironic advice: keep sunlight away from van Gogh’s sunflowers.

—Karen Hopkin

科学美国人60秒中文翻译：

想象梵高作品中鲜黄的向日葵。现在想象花瓣都变褐色。嗯，太糟了。杯具的是这个可能是我们未来看到的样子。因为画布上明黄色的涂料正慢慢转向泥泞。不过现在有一个国际科学家小组已经开始针对这种变色的化学反应--迈向阻止它的第一步。他们的研究结果刊登在《分析化学》杂志上。

梵高运用强烈对比的色彩表达情感已经成为艺术史上的里程碑。如果失去了当时非常时兴、生机勃勃的“铬黄”色素，他的向日葵系列将不负盛名。但这种颜色暴露在阳光下将会变暗。

为了寻求原因，研究人员利用尖端的X射线分析，以确定变为棕色的颜料的确切化学成分。首先，他们将三管铬黄曝露在紫外线辐射中，直到其中一管变成巧克力色。再分析这个样本，他们确定了油画颜料的铬化合物的具体变化。然后，他们发现其他两幅凡高画中暗影区域具有同样的化学属性。在找到化学矫正方法之前，研究人员提出了颇有讽刺意味的建议：让阳光远离梵高的向日葵。

1. muddy adj.泥泞的, 浑浊的, 糊涂的

2. pinpoint vt.确定;精确地定位

3. degradation n.降格, 堕落, 退化

4. milestone n. 里程碑

5. vibrant a.震动的;明亮的;充满活力的

6. chrome n.铬, 铬黄

7. pigment n.天然色素，干粉颜料

8. chromium n. 铬

9. antidote n.解毒药

以上就是小编为大家整理的科学美国人60秒：梵高《向日葵》的文本以及翻译，大家练习的时候还可以找来音频资料一起练习，效果定会更好。最后，小编预祝大家托福考试能取得理想的成绩。

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