雅思满分英语作文范文

高分范文示例与精讲

题目： Some people believe that the main environmental problem of our time is the loss of particular species of plants and animals. Others believe that there are more important environmental problems. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

范文：

The accelerating degradation of the natural world presents multiple, interlocking crises. While the extinction of specific species is undeniably a profound loss with significant ecological and ethical implications, I contend that climate change constitutes a more pressing and encompassing environmental threat due to its immediate and universal impact on the very systems that support all life, including human society.

Proponents of the view that species loss is paramount rightly highlight its irreversibility and cascading effects. Each species plays a unique role within an ecosystem, and its disappearance can trigger a chain reaction, undermining ecological stability. The loss of pollinators, such as bees, directly threatens global food security, while the decline of apex predators can lead to overpopulation of herbivores and subsequent habitat degradation. Beyond utility, many argue that we have a moral duty to preserve biodiversity for its intrinsic value and for future generations.

However, this perspective, while valid, can be seen as focusing on one symptom of a larger disease. Climate change, driven by greenhouse gas emissions, is the overarching crisis that exacerbates nearly all other environmental issues, including species loss. Rising temperatures, ocean acidification, and extreme weather events are destroying habitats at an unprecedented rate, pushing countless species towards extinction. Unlike a localized loss, climate change poses a direct, existential threat to human civilization through sea-level rise, agricultural disruption, water scarcity, and increased frequency of natural disasters. Its impacts are not confined to specific ecosystems but are global, destabilizing the very biophysical foundations upon which all species—and our economies—depend.

Therefore, while conservation efforts are critically important, they must be integrated within a broader strategy to mitigate climate change. Prioritizing climate action addresses the root cause of much biodiversity loss while simultaneously safeguarding human societies. Investing in renewable energy, transitioning to a circular economy, and implementing stringent emission policies are measures that tackle the core driver of environmental breakdown.

In conclusion, although the disappearance of any species is a tragedy and a warning sign, the most critical environmental problem of our era is climate change. It is the meta-problem that accelerates other crises and demands our most urgent and coordinated global response. A pragmatic approach is to confront climate change with utmost priority, as doing so offers the most effective pathway to preserving both biodiversity and human welfare.

这篇范文为何能得高分？—— 基于官方评分标准的解析

1. 任务回应 (Task Response) - 得分：9

• 完全覆盖：文章详尽讨论了“物种灭绝是首要问题”和“存在更重要的环境问题（气候变化）”两种观点。

• 立场鲜明：开篇即用“I contend that...”清晰表明立场：气候变化是更紧迫的问题。

• 论证深刻：并未否定物种灭绝的重要性，而是通过逻辑论证（气候变化是物种灭绝的根源驱动者），将前者置于后者的框架下，展现了高层次的思辨能力。

2. 连贯与衔接 (Cohesion and Coherence) - 得分：9

• 结构清晰：经典的四段式（引言-观点A-观点B+己见-结论），逻辑流畅。

• 衔接自然：使用了高级衔接手段：

  • 对比：While..., I contend that..., However..., Unlike...

  • 解释原因：due to..., driven by...

  • 结果：undermining..., triggering...

• 指代明确：this perspective, its impacts, doing so 等代词使用准确，指代清晰。

3. 词汇资源 (Lexical Resource) - 得分：8-9

• 学术精准：使用了地道的学术词汇，如 accelerating degradation, interlocking crises, profound loss, cascading effects, ecological stability, existential threat, biophysical foundations。

• 同义替换丰富：

  • “问题”：crisis, threat, issue, breakdown。

  • “重要”：paramount, pressing, critical, encompassing。

  • “导致”：trigger, undermine, exacerbate, pose a threat。

• 搭配地道：pose a threat, undermine stability, demands response, integrated within a strategy。

4. 语法范围与准确性 (Grammatical Range and Accuracy) - 得分：8-9

• 句式多样：综合运用了复杂句、名词性从句、状语从句、分词短语等。

  • 主语从句：The loss of pollinators... directly threatens...

  • 分词作状语：Rising temperatures..., are destroying habitats...

  • 同位语解释：Climate change, driven by..., is the overarching crisis...

• 语法准确：全文几乎无语法错误，时态（现在时、完成时）、语态（主动、被动）使用准确。

• 灵活表达：能使用 Not only... but also..., While... 等结构进行复杂观点的平衡表达。

如何利用范文实现自我提升（而非背诵）

1. 解构，而非抄袭：将范文拆解为“观点库”、“句型库”、“词汇库”。例如，学习如何用 While A is valid, B is more encompassing. 这样的框架来平衡讨论。

2. 模仿练习：针对同一题目，先自己写一篇，然后对照范文，找出在论证逻辑和语言表达上的差距。

3. 主题词伙积累：从范文中提炼出与环境话题相关的“词伙”，如 habitat degradation, greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy，并学会在语境中使用。

4. 思维训练：重点学习范文如何建立观点间的逻辑关系（如：气候变化是根源，物种灭绝是表现）。这是从6分迈向7+的关键。

如果您有特定话题（如教育、科技、社会文化）或题型（同意与否、双边讨论、利弊分析）需要更深入的范文分析，我可以继续为您提供。扎实的写作能力源于对标准的理解和对优质文本的模仿、反思与再创造。