【改错精选120练】GMAT官方讲解SC难点实例分析（一百十五练）

GMAT句子改错题(sentence correction)，是整个GMAT考试中对考生英语语法能力考查要求最高的题型，也往往是中国学生最为头疼的一类题目。没有扎实的语法基础和一定的逻辑分析能力，想要做好句子改错题难度极高。如何提升GMAT句子改错题的解题能力?下面小编就为大家整理了一些经典例题，结合实例分析为大家讲解GMAT句子改错题的解题思路和方法技巧。

实例题目：

Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, they have already stimulated international disputes over uninhabited islands.

(A) Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, they have already stimulated

(B) Because the new maritime code provides that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, it has already stimulated

(C) Even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, already stimulating

(D) Because even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, this has already stimulated

(E) Because even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, which is already stimulating

选项分析：

(A)Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, they have already stimulated

【错误1】 代词指代：“they have already stimulated……”中的“they”本意上指代“provisions”，但“they”既不是平行指代(即代词作主语或出现在主语位置时指代其他主谓结构的主语)“provisions”，也不是就近指代之(与“they”就近的是“areas”)，其语法上完全可以指代“areas”等复数名词，因此指代不明确。

【错误2】 简洁明了：在GMAT语法题中表达同一个意思时，简洁性从高到低依次为动词、形容词和副词、一般名词、动名词(简称VANing原则：V——verb，A——adj.或adv.，N——noun，ing——动名词)，因此本选项中的“provisions”简洁性逊于(B)中的“provides”。

(B)Because the new maritime code provides that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, it has already stimulated

【正确】 “it has already stimulated”中的“it”出现在主语部分，因此根据“平行指代优先”原则，可以准确地指代另一个主谓结构的主语“the new maritime code”。“new maritime code provides that……”属于主动陈述句，表意简洁明了。

【大意】 因为新的海上条约要求即使小岛屿也能当作渔业和油田的声索依据，它已经激发了国际上对无人岛的争端。

(C)Even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, already stimulating

【错误】 修饰成分：“under provisions”本意上是主谓结构“Even tiny islets can be the basis……”的状语，但由于其位于主谓结构的句尾且未与主谓结构之间并为以逗号相隔，因此其有作定语修饰“sea areas”表达“在新海上条约要求下的海域”的意思的可能，因此修饰关系并不明确。

(D)Because even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, this has already stimulated

【错误】 代词指代：GMAT所考察的标准书面英语中，代词this、

that、these、

those如果单独使用(“those students”、“that of……”这样的结构就属于不单独使用)，其指代不明，因为书面语不能用手去指这指那。不仅如此，代词只能指代句子中已经出现的，却与其数量形式一致的名词性结构，因此代词“this”无法按其本意指代“because”引导的原因状语从句。

(E)Because even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, which is already stimulating

【错误】 句子结构：本选项中“Because”引导了一个从句，“which”引导了一个从句，两个从句构成了这句话的全部内容，而主句没有出现，一个句子不可能只有从句没有主句。

解题思路：

(E)中出现了“有从句无主句”的结构问题，立即排除。

(A)、(D)中指代关系有误或不明确，排除。

(C)的修饰关系不明确，排除。因此选择(B)。