SAT考试句子填空题型详解

2.2 ：排除干扰 抓住主干

所谓干扰就是指主干以外的一切成分，如定语从句、同位语从句、分词短语作修饰语大的借此短语作修饰语，等等。这些都是我们阅读是需要跳过去的部分。有时候一个句子中这些成分多达几个，更是阅读时的障碍，应该毫不犹豫地跳过去，先提炼出句子的主干。这种能力是sat填空解题的基础，在sat填空的题目中，以下几项应该重点排除：人名 地名 年代 专有名词 无空格的插入语、定语从句。

例7 Crazy Love， by Elias Miguel Munoz， is an novel： it takes the form of a series of letters.

(A) archetypal (B) epistolary (C) inauspicious (D) inconspicuous (E) illusory

解：排除Crazy Love， by Elias Miguel Munoz，的干扰 直接替换成It，再根据线对点法则选择与a series of letters 对应的epistolary

例8 Rosita Peru， who rose to become the highest ranking female in the television industry， was

recruited： Spanish language program producers courted her persistently.

(A) indiscriminately (B) enigmatically (C) vicariously (D) rancorously (E) assiduously

解：排除干扰 人名 无空格的定语从句 用A B替换 人名 题目则可以改写成

A was recruited： B courted her persistently。一目了然：persistently对应assiduously

例 9 Although hostile demonstrations and marred James Meredith’s 1962 enrollment at the University of Mississippi， the commencement ceremony in which he became the university’s first African American graduate was surprisingly .

(A) discord.. tranquil (B) pomp.. daunting (C) banality.. conventional

(D) turmoil.. controversial (E) serenity.. opportune

解：排除干扰成分 人名 地名 年代 以及定语从句，可以把句子改写成：Although hostile demonstrations and marred A’s enrollment， the commencement ceremony was surprisingly .

第一个空与demonstrations 取同义，选discord 第二个空与mar取反义，选tranquil

例10 The stage director insisted that before the next performance the set be to eliminate its dinginess.

(A) requisitioned (B) enlarged (C) refurbished (D) demolished (E) relocated

解：找出句子的主干 句子可以改写为 The set is to eliminate its dinginess.

to eliminate its dinginess.很快就可以把C refurbish 选出来

例11 Ballads often praise popular figures who have performed feats that many perceive as

;such as defending the poor or resisting authority.

(A) modest.. acceptable (B) inescapable. .legitimate (C) insufficient.. overpowering

(D) admirable.. unjust (E) unbelievable.. tolerable

解：找出空格所在的那句话的主干 排除干扰成分 句子提炼为：Many perceive them as

; such as defending the poor or resisting authority. 第一个空和defending the poor 对应，马上选出D admirable

例12 Conceptually， it’s hard to reconcile a defense attorney’s to ensure that false testimony is not knowingly put forward with the attorney’s mandate to mount the most defense conceivable foe the client.

(A) efforts cautious (B) duty powerful (C) inability eloquence

(D) failure diversify (E) promise informed

解：只要分清主干 reconcile a defense attorney’s (duty) with the attorney’s mandate 即可知道空格应该填mandate 的反义词：duty 选B

2.3：一次处理一个逻辑

对于两空型的sat填空来说，一般需要进行两次逻辑推理才能确定两个空的内容，做题时切勿抱着一次就把两个空格上的内容一次就推理出来，人脑的逻辑推理每次只能进行一次，所以相应地读句子时，每次只读一个逻辑层面。

例13：Acid rain is damaging lakes in way， causing the virtually unnoticed___ of these aquatic ecosystems.

A manifest……eradication B a nefarious…..polarization C an insidious…..destruction D a methodical…. amalgamate E an obvious…..stagnation

解：一次解决一个空 先找到第一个空的对应点unnoticed 选出 insidious 再找第二空的对应点damage 选出destruction(causing伴随 表示同样的状态，所以是同义的逻辑关系)。若一次处理两个逻辑的话，则会陷入混乱。

例14：

The speech was a of random and contradictory information that could not be integrated into ， consistent whole.

(A) collage.. ..a rambling (B) development.. .. an ambiguous (C) hodgepodge.. .. a coherent

(D) morass.. .. an amorphous (E) harangue.. .. an unintelligible

解：一次处理一层逻辑，一般情况下是先看第二个空，找出第二个空同义重复对应点consistent，选出coherent ，然后根据线对点，that 后面的一句话对应空格选出hodgepodge。

例15：Notoriously regarding issues of national security， the Prime Minister dumbfounded her opponents when she a defense appropriations bill they had expected her to contest.

(A) evenhanded.. .. muddled (B) compliant.. .. conceded on (C) pacific.. .. opposed

(D) intransigent.. .. compromised on (E) rancorous .. .. railed against

解：略

例 16：

The incompetent judge conducted the hearing in so a manner that the entire proceeding was considered a ， an insult to the standards of the judicial system.

(A) apathetic.. .. victory (B) exacting.. .. spectacle (C) astute.. .. debacle

(D) negligent.. .. travesty (E) surreptitious. .. triumph

解：略

2.4 ：选词优先 理解为辅

例1： Aleksandra Solzhenitsyn’s proved keenest when he accurately predicted that his book would someday appear in his native Russia.

(A)foresight (B)nostalgia (C) folly (D)despair (E)artistry

解：当用点对点的方法选出foresight，解出这道题后，为了节约时间这个题目就应该到此为止。因为that后面的内容已经无关紧要了，可以换成任何一种预言的内容。

例 17：The skepticism of some ancient philosophers and helps to elucidate varieties of nihilism that appeared in the early nineteenth century .

(A) suppresses (B) disseminates (C) undermines (D) confounds (E) foreshadows

解：通过and前面的空格and后面找重复原则，找到对应点help， 同义的逻辑关系推出空格上应该选E foreshadow。这个题目出现了一些人类学的专业词汇，如果纠结与题目的意思，则会走如误区。所以选出答案，这个sat填空题就应该完成了。

例 18：The disjunction between educational objectives that stress independence and individuality and those that emphasize obedience to rules and cooperation with others reflects a that arises from the values on which these objectives are based.

(A) conflict (B) redundancy (C)gain (D) predictable (E) wisdom

解：主干简化后为“The disjunction reflects a ，” 那么空格上肯定是选与disjunction同义的conflict。词句的其余部分都是冗余信息，disjunction之后的between…..and 所连接的两件事物换成不同的人生观、不同的历史观、不同的世界观。只要不同的价值管所能导致的一切不同观点即可。题目的答案根本不受影响。

1.5总结

Sat填空做题四步走：1：分析句子结构

2： 根据逻辑关系定位重复的点或线

3：选词

4：理解句意

但是在考场上第四步是可做课不做的，这已经在法则四中做了充分的解释。第三步选词一定要注意是在第二步之后进行，第二步推理出空格的含义之后再去选词，千万不要在尚未根据原句推知空格信息，仍然是一头雾水的情况下去看选项，这样非但选不出词来，很有可能会掉进那些本来就是故意设计的似是而非的各色陷阱中去。

三、SAT 七大逻辑关系的总结

(一)、解释关系

信号：冒号 “ ：” ，伴随动词ing， 定语从句

1. Dangerously high winds______ attempts to begin the space shuttle mission on schedule， delaying the launch by nearly a week.

(A) thwarted

(B) forfeited

(C) implemented

(D) discharged

(E) redoubled

delaying 拖延伴随从句解释 (A)thwart 阻止

(二)、并列递进关系

并列递进 信号词 ： or and “，”

1. Soon after the first vistors arrived， increasing numbers of the residents of the remote island thought it possible that the outside world， instead of being______ ， could be_____ and worth exploring.

(A) insular….. unlimited

(B) friendly….wicked

(C) amiable… cooperative

(D) threatening….fascinating

(E) forbidden… harmful

and 前后同意 worth exploring 和 fascinating 同感情色彩

(三)、转折对比关系

常规信号： though/ but/ although/ since/ whereas /nevertheless/however/while/on the contrary

非常规信号：surprisingly/ seemingly/actually/ sadly/contrast

21. The speaker announced that her primary focus would be on board global concerns rather than on _____issues.

(A) contemporary

(B) substantive

(C) disputatious

(D) pervasive

(E) parochial

rather than 表转折 board global 和 parochial 反义

四、主体与对象关系(什么样的人做什么样的事)

好东西产生好影响 坏东西产生坏影响 好人做好事 坏人做坏事 坏人做好事使人惊讶 好人做坏事使人惊讶

1. Cito Gaston， one of the least _____ baseball mangers， surprised reporters by weeping openly after his team won the play-offs.

(A) somber

(B) demonstrative

(C) insufferable

(D) bountiful

(E) wistful

使人惊讶(surprised) 必有转折 weeping 的反义= least demonstrative 表示最不爱显露感情

五、因果关系 (because， so…..that， such…..that， since， as a result， result in， )

1. Because of the____ effects of the hot springs， tourists suffering from various ailments flocked to the village’s thermal pools.

(A) succulent

(B) redolent

(C) cerebral

(D) mandatory

(E) therapeutic

because 跟原因，第二个分句表结果

六、目的与行动 关系 (to 不定式)

1. To reflect the _____ of that nation’s spoken languages， its writers often make use of a mixture of dialects.

(A) articulation

(B) intonation

(C) spontaneity

(D) profundity

(E) heterogeneity

to 后面跟结果 第二个分句跟行动 有什么样的目的就有什么样的行动

七、上下分句的关系 (我喜欢上你了， 你被我看上了)

1. The beauty of Mount Mckinley is usually cloaked： clouds ____ the summit nine days out of ten.

(A) release

(B) elevate

(C) entangle

(D) shroud

(E) attain

上下分句的重复 被动不变主动 be cloaked 变主动的shroud.
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