GMAT语法经典百题大串烧 涵盖所有SC高频考点难点（67）

GMAT语法题，又称句子改错题(sentence correction)，是整个GMAT考试中对考生英语语法能力考查要求最高的题型，也往往是中国学生最为头疼的一类题目。没有扎实的语法基础和一定的逻辑分析能力，想要做好语法题难度极高。怎样做好GMAT语法题?下面小编就通过一些经典真题的实例解析，为大家全面讲解GMAT语法题的解题思路和方法技巧。

实例题目：

The 32 species that make up the dolphin family are closely related to whales and in fact include the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow to be 30 feet long and is famous for its aggressive hunting pods.

(A) include the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow to be 30 feet long and is

(B) include the animal known as the killer whale, growing as big as 30 feet long and

(C) include the animal known as the killer whale, growing up to 30 feet long and being

(D) includes the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow as big as 30 feet long and is

(E) includes the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow to be 30 feet long and it is

选项分析：

(A)include the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow to be 30 feet long and is

【正确】 “include”正确地与其主语“The 32 species”保持了主谓一致，“which”引导的定语从句，准确地就近修饰了“the killer whale”。

【大意】 组成海豚属的32个物种和鲸鱼高度相关，并实际上包括了杀人鲸，一种可以长到30英尺长且以其攻击性的狩猎群闻名的生物。

(B)include the animal known as the killer whale, growing as big as 30 feet long and

【错误1】 修饰成分： 由日常逻辑可知，“growing”本意上修饰“killer whale”，但当，“……，growing”出现在一个主谓结构的结尾时，语法上要求其作状语，即修饰动词“include”，表示与“include”同(逻辑)主语且同时发生的动作(伴随修饰)，或表示“include”造成的结构。这样一来，预期的“growing”修饰“killer whale”无法实现。

【错误2】 平行结构：“growing as big as 30 feet long”和“famous for”直接用“and”平行在一起，但两者语法功能不一致，无法平行。

(C)include the animal known as the killer whale, growing up to 30 feet long and being

【错误】 修饰成分：见(B)中【错误1】。

(D)includes the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow as big as 30 feet long and is

【错误】 主谓一致：“includes”与其主语“The 32 species”主谓不一致。

(E)includes the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow to be 30 feet long and it is

【错误】 主谓一致：见(D)。

解题思路：

“includes”和“The 32 species”主谓不一致，立即排除(D)和(E)。

(A)、(B)和(C)中，“，growing”出现在主谓结构的结尾优先作状语，而状语是动词的修饰语，无法作名词“killer whale”的修饰语，仅(A)中“，which”修饰“killer whale”建立的修饰关系最为合理。

因此选择(A)。